Human Right Day- 10 December 2024

76 Years of  Universal Declaration of Human Rights. 

Human Right Day* is celebrated every year on December 10 to commemorate the day in 1948 when the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was ratified by the UN General Assembly. On this important day, the world is reminded of the fundamental freedoms and rights to which every human being is entitled, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, religion or any other distinction. On this day, all stakeholders in the national and international community are reminded and given an opportunity to reflect on their past and future actions and responsibilities and to strive for the promotion and protection of human rights. On this Human Rights Day, let us reflect on the fundamental importance of human rights for every individual and use them as a daily guide to pursue justice, equality, peace and freedom for all. 

*Human Rights Day* *2024 theme*

Human Rights Day 2024: Date and Theme

“Our Rights, Our Future, Right Now,” which highlights the importance of human rights in our daily lives.

*Human Rights Day* *significance* 

The Day serves as a powerful reminder of the fundamental rights and freedoms that belong to every individual, regardless of background, and underscores the collective responsibility to uphold and protect these rights. It is a call to action, urging nations, organisations and individuals to promote equality, justice and dignity for all, and to foster a world in which human rights are universally respected, protected and celebrated.

भारतीय नौसेना दिवस _ दिन विशेष पठन

 

भारतीय नौसेना दिवस हर वर्ष 4 दिसंबर को मनाया जाता है। यह दिन भारतीय नौसेना की वीरता, समर्पण और देश की समुद्री सीमाओं की रक्षा में उसकी भूमिका को सम्मानित करने के लिए मनाया जाता है। नौसेना दिवस भारतीय नौसेना की शक्ति, साहस और राष्ट्र के प्रति समर्पण का प्रतीक है। यह दिन हमें अपनी सुरक्षा बलों के प्रति कृतज्ञता व्यक्त करने और उनके योगदान को समझने का अवसर प्रदान करता है। भारतीय नौसेना की इस भूमिका को सम्मानित करना हर नागरिक का कर्तव्य है।

भारतीय नौसेना दिवस का इतिहास

भारतीय नौसेना दिवस मनाने की शुरुआत मई 1972 में हुए एक वरिष्ठ नौसेना अधिकारी सम्मेलन में हुई, जब 4 दिसंबर को भारतीय नौसेना दिवस मनाने का निर्णय लिया गया।

4 दिसंबर को क्यों मनाते हैं नौसेना दिवस? 

1971 में भारत-पाक के बीच युद्ध हुआ था। इस युद्ध में पाकिस्तान ने 3 दिसंबर को भारतीय हवाई अड्डे पर हमला कर दिया। पाकिस्तानी सेना के आक्रमण हमले का जवाब देते हुए भारतीय नौसेना ने 4 और 5 दिसंबर की रात हमले की योजना बनाई और "ऑपरेशन ट्राइडेंट" को अंजाम दिया। इस दौरान सेना ने पाकिस्तानी नौसेना को भारी नुकसान पहुंचाया। इस मिशन में भारतीय नौसेना का नेतृत्व कमोडोर कासरगोड पट्टणशेट्टी गोपाल राव ने किया। नौसेना की उपलब्धि और प्रयासों को स्वीकार करते हुए 4 दिसंबर को नौसेना दिवस के रूप में मनाने का निर्णय लिया गया।

 भारतीय नौसेना की स्थापना

भारतीय नौसेना 1612 में अस्तित्व में आई, जब ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी ने रायल इंडियन नेवी नाम से नौसेना बनाई। व्यापारिक जहाजों की सुरक्षा के उद्देश्य से ईस्ट इंडिया कंपनी ने एक नौसैनिक दल का गठन किया। स्वतंत्रता के बाद 1950 में इसे भारतीय नौसेना के तौर पर पुनर्गठित किया गया।

नौसेना दिवस का महत्व* 

भारतीय नौसेना दिवस न केवल भारतीय नौसेना की उपलब्धियों को सम्मानित करता है, बल्कि देशवासियों को अपनी सेना के प्रति गर्व महसूस करने का भी अवसर प्रदान करता है। यह दिन हमें समुद्री सुरक्षा की आवश्यकता और नौसेना की भूमिका को समझने का मौका देता है।

International Day of Person with Disability- 03 December 2024

 

 International Day of Persons with Disabilities 2024: People born with disabilities also deserve a high standard of life filled with respect and dignity. One of the most important things that should be provided to disabled people is their right to well-being and equal opportunities. Every year, International Day of Persons with Disabilities is celebrated to raise awareness about the challenges faced by people with disabilities and explore ideas on how we can work together to ensure that equal rights are provided to each of them. Integration of people with disabilities is important in every aspect of life, mostly political, social, economic and cultural. This day is dedicated to exploring the ways to ensure that their well-being is respected.

The theme for this year's International Day of Persons with Disabilities is - 

Amplifying the leadership of persons with disabilities for an inclusive and sustainable future". 

A global call to recognize the critical role that persons with disabilities play in creating a more inclusive and sustainable world for all.

 "The observance of the Day aims to promote an understanding of disability issues and mobilize support for the dignity, rights and well-being of persons with disabilities.

   The Pledge

The Pledge for Inclusion initiative unifies organizations and individuals who are committed to creating a world where people with special needs and developmental disabilities are fully included in all aspects of life – in the classroom, the workplace and in our communities. Through this collaborative public awareness and advocacy initiative, we aim to educate and inform Californians about the importance and value of inclusion for everyone.

I pledge to Accept, Respect, and Include people of ALL abilities, including my peers with special needs and disabilities. Inclusion starts with ME!

• I ACCEPT  people of all abilities
• I RESPECT others and act with kindness and compassion
• I INCLUDE people with special needs and disabilities in the classroom, in the workplace and in my community.

World's Famous Persons with Disabilities (PwDs)

Albert Einstein

The Mathematician and Physicist who had a learning disability and did not speak until age 3. He had a very difficult time doing math in school. It was also very hard for him to express himself through writing.

Christopher Reeve

Never has a person with a disability commanded so much media attention in recent history. Christopher Reeve, crippled after a horse-riding injury, wants to be up on his feet and wants to help others stand confident too.  

Edison

Edison had a learning disability. He couldn't read until he was twelve years old and had a very difficult time writing even when he was older.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Roosevelt had Polio, was governor of New York State then elected President of the United States for 4 terms.

George Washington

Had a learning disability. He could barely write and had very poor grammar skills.

Helen Keller

(Devoted Life to Persons with Disabilities) She was Blind, Deaf, and Mute

Alexander Graham Bell

Had a learning disability

Michael Bolton

(famous Singer): Deaf in one ear

Sarah Bernhardt

French actress (1844-1923) Disabled by a knee injury, her leg amputated in 1914, she continued starring on stage until just before her death. She is regarded as France's greatest actress -- "The Divine Sarah".

Stephen Hawkings

Physicist/mathematician has Lou Gehrigs Disease and is in a wheelchair. He needs a computer to speak.

Sudha Chandran

(Indian actress and classical dancer) This brave lady dances with a Jaipur foot. She has acted in a movie on classical dance called "Nache Mayuri" and today acts in a variety of TV serials.

World AIDS Day- 01 December - Day's Special Reading

  

AIDS is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by HIV. The condition significantly affects the body’s ability to fend off infections. If left unchecked, the disease can wreak havoc on the human body, often leaving the infected open to a host of illnesses ranging from tuberculosis and opportunistic infections to tumours.

AIDS-  Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

World AIDS Day 2024: 

Theme Each year, the day is commemorated with a central theme. 

Theme 2024 : “Take the rights path: My health, my right!”

1. Which of the following is a symptom of AIDS?

1. Fever
2. Swollen lymph nodes
3. Tiredness
4. All of the above

2. The first ever instance of AIDS was reported in

1. USA
2. France
3. Russia
4. None of the above

3. HIV parasitizes ____

1. Y-helper cells
2. T-helper cells
3. K-helper cells
4. None of the above

4. HIV can also spread through

1. Sharing water
2. Breathing in infected droplets
3. Sharing needles
4. Kissing

5. How many stages of HIV infection exist?

1. 3
2. 2
3. 1
4. No stages

6. HIV is thought to have originated from

1. Birds
2. Mosquitos
3. Chimpanzees
4. None of the above

7. SIV is the abbreviation of:

1. Simian immunodeficiency virus
2. Siluridae immunodeficiency virus
3. Synodontidae immunodeficiency virus
4. None of the above

8. In individuals with HIV, opportunistic infections are:

1. More frequent
2. Less frequent
3. Non-existent
4. None of the above

9. HIV is a _____

1. Lentivirus
2. Capripoxvirus
3. Gallivirus
4. Papillomavirus

10. Simian immunodeficiency virus is known to affect

1. non-human primates
2. Birds
3. Rabbits
4. None of the above

WORLD AIDS DAY PERVIOUS YEARS THEMES

1. 2023: Let Communities Lead 
2. 2022: Equalize 
3. 2021: End Inequalities. End AIDS 
4. 2020: Global solidarity, resilient services
5. 2019: Communities make the difference 
6. 2018: Know your status 
7. 2017: Everybody counts 
8. 2016: End AIDS by 2030 
9. 2015: Getting to zero 
10. 2014: Closing the gap in HIV prevention and treatment 
11. 2013: Getting to zero: Zero new HIV infections. Zero discrimination. Zero AIDS-related deaths

 

Quiz on Indian Constitution Day 2024

On November 26, Indian observes Constitution Day, also known as ‘Samvidhan Divas,’ a special occasion dedicated to raising awareness about the Indian Constitution and honoring the legacy of B.R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the constitution. This day marks the historic adoption of the Indian Constitution by the Constituent Assembly in 1949, with its official implementation taking place on January 26, 1950. Constitution Day plays a vital role in fostering an understanding of constitutional principles among citizens and highlighting the significance of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in shaping this foundational document.

Here are some questions in the form of mcq’s related to Indian Constitution Day 2024 which will enhance your knowledge related to the day:

Q1. When was the Indian Constitution adopted by the Constituent Assembly?

(a) August 15, 1947

(b) November 26, 1949

(c) January 26, 1950

(d) March 23, 1956

Ans. (b) November 26, 1949

Sol. On November 26, 1949, the assembly adopted the present-day Constitution, which later came into effect on January 26, 1950.

 Q2. Who is known as the father of the Indian Constitution?

(a) Mahatma Gandhi

(b) Jawaharlal Nehru

(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

(d) B.R. Ambedkar

And. (d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Sol. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is known as the father of Indian Constitution.

 Q3. On which day does India celebrate Constitution Day?

(a) January 26

(b) November 26

(c) August 15

(d) December 25

Ans. (b) November 26

Sol. November 26, 2023, marks the celebration of Indian Constitution Day, also known as ‘Samvidhan Divas,’ this day is celebrated to create awareness about the Indian Constitution and legacy of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the father of Indian Constitution.

 Q4. Before being recognized as Constitution Day, what was November 26 known as in India?

(a) Republic Day

(b) Independence Day

(c) Law Day

(d) Founder’s Day

Ans. (c) Law Day

Sol. Until 2015, this day was recognized as Law Day in India.

 Q5. Who led the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution?

(a) Jawaharlal Nehru

(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

(c) B.R. Ambedkar

(d) Mahatma Gandhi

Ans. (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Sol. The drafting committee, led by B.R. Ambedkar, meticulously crafted the constitution, ensuring it reflected the diverse ethos of the nation.

 Q6. When did the Indian Constitution come into effect?

(a) August 15, 1947

(b) November 26, 1949

(c) January 26, 1950

(d) March 23, 1956

Ans. (c) January 26, 1950

Sol. The adoption of the constitution of India by the Constituent Assembly in 1949, which came into effect on January 26, 1950.

 Q7. How many elected members were there in the Constituent Assembly that adopted the Indian Constitution?

(a) 199

(b) 299

(c) 299

(d) 499

And. (b) 299

Sol. The Constituent Assembly, comprised of 299 elected members, played a pivotal role in shaping the destiny of the nation.

 Q8. Who was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution?

(a) Jawaharlal Nehru

(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

(c) B.R. Ambedkar

(d) Mahatma Gandhi

Ans. (c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Sol. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.

 Q9. In which year did the Union government declare November 26 as Constitution Day?

(a) 2000

(b) 2010

(c) 2015

(d) 2020

Ans. (c) 2015

Sol. In 2015, on the occasion of the 125th birth anniversary of B.R. Ambedkar, the Union government declared November 26 as Constitution Day.

 Q10. Which committee fine-tuned the initial draft of the Indian Constitution?

(a) Nehru Committee

(b) Patel Committee

(c) Ambedkar Committee

(d) Drafting Committee

Ans. (d) Drafting Committee

Sol. The initial draft of the Indian Constitution was prepared by Drafting committee.

 Q11. What is the significance of Constitution Day in India?

(a) Celebrating Independence

(b) Acknowledging and upholding constitutional values

(c) Remembering Founders

(d) Honoring Military

Ans. (b) Acknowledging and upholding constitutional values

Sol.  The primary significance of Constitution Day lies in acknowledging and celebrating the foundational documental that guides the world’s largest democracy.

 Q12. Who among the following was not a member of the drafting committee of the Indian Constitution?

(a) Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar

(b) N Gopalswami

(c) Jawaharlal Nehru

(d) M. Munshi

Ans. (c) Jawaharlal Nehru

Sol. The drafting committee, consisting of eminent personalities like Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyra, N Gopalswami, K.M. Munshi, Mohammad Saadulla, B.L. Mitter and D.P. Khaitan, collaborated to fine-tune the initial draft prepared by Benegal Narsing Rau.

 Q13. What does the Indian Constitution Day commemorate?

(a) Independence Day

(b) Adoption of the constitution

(c) Republic Day

(d) Gandhi Jayanti

Ans. (b) Adoption of the constitution

Sol. The Indian Constitution Day commemorates the adoption of the constitution.

 Q14. Before the Constitution came into effect, what was Indian governed by?

(a) Colonial rule

(b) Monarchy

(c) Military rule

(d) Communist regime

Ans. (a) Colonial rule

Sol. Before the Constitution came into effect, Indian was governed by the Colonial rule.

 Q15. On which date does the Indian Constitution come into effect?

(a) August 15, 1947

(b) November 26, 1949

(c) January 26, 1950

(d) March 23, 1956

Ans. (c) January 26, 1950

Sol. The Indian Constitution come into effect on January 26, 1950